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Vaginal infections
Overview
Know what is normal, spot the signs of infection and get effective treatment. A strong, noticeable vaginal odour may be a sign of an infection or another problem. If you feel the need to cover up the odour, you may have a vaginal infection that needs treatment. The women's health team at Minerva Women's Healthcare offers convenient testing and treatment for vaginal infections. Call us today or request your appointment online.
At a glance
- Vaginal infections are common and treatable
- Signs include unusual discharge, a strong odour, itching, burning and irritation
- The most common types are yeast infections and bacterial vaginosis. Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection that can cause similar symptoms
- Do not use douches, sprays or deodorants to cover odour, as they can make things worse
- A simple exam and test show which infection you have, so you can get the right treatment
What is normal vaginal discharge?
Normal discharge is typically clear or white. It varies through your cycle, and a mild odour is normal. Discharge should not have a strong smell. Discharge that is abnormal may differ in:
- Colour
- Amount
- Consistency
- Odour
If you notice an unusual odour, do not try to cover it with douches, sprays or deodorants. These products can irritate the vagina and may make your condition worse.
What causes vaginal infections?
Healthy bacteria live naturally in your vagina. They produce substances that keep it slightly acidic and protect it from harmful microorganisms. Sometimes an overgrowth of bacteria or yeast upsets this balance, leading to a vaginal infection. Two of the most common are yeast infections and bacterial vaginosis.
Yeast infection
A yeast infection is caused by an overgrowth of yeast. It can be triggered by antibiotics, which kill the helpful vaginal bacteria, by spermicides or some lubricants, by pregnancy, by diabetes that is not well controlled, or by a weakened immune system.
Signs: Itching and burning of the vulva (the outer part of your genitals), redness, pain with sex or urination, and a thick, white, odourless discharge that may look like cottage cheese.
Bacterial vaginosis (BV)
BV is a common infection that results from an overgrowth of the bacteria that normally live in your vagina. It is not caused by poor hygiene, and it is not always sexually transmitted, though sex can be a trigger.
Signs: A larger amount of thin, grey or white discharge with a strong "fishy" odour, especially after sex. Some women have no symptoms.
Trichomoniasis
Trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by a parasite.
Signs: A frothy, yellow-green discharge with an unpleasant odour, itching, irritation and pain with sex or urination. Many people have no symptoms. Both partners need treatment.
When should I see a doctor?
See us if you have unusual discharge or odour, itching, burning, irritation, sores, or pain with sex or urination. Do not assume it is a yeast infection, because the symptoms of different infections overlap and the treatments are different. Using the wrong treatment can delay recovery. Please contact us urgently if you have fever, pelvic or lower abdominal pain, or if you are pregnant and have symptoms.
How are vaginal infections diagnosed?
We carry out a pelvic exam to look for inflammation and to collect a sample of discharge for laboratory testing. The test confirms which infection you have. Your doctor may also test your vaginal pH. A raised pH can be a sign of bacterial vaginosis or trichomoniasis.
How are vaginal infections treated?
We recommend treatment according to the type of infection:
- Yeast infections are treated with anti-yeast medicines, taken by mouth or placed in the vagina
- Bacterial vaginosis is treated with antibiotics, taken by mouth or used in the vagina
- Trichomoniasis is treated with antibiotics, and your partner or partners should be treated at the same time
Finish all of your medicine, even if you feel better.
How can I prevent vaginal infections?
If you have infections that keep coming back, your doctor may suggest changes to reduce the risk of recurrence, such as:
- Avoiding douches, scented soaps, antiseptic bath products and vaginal deodorants
- Wearing breathable cotton underwear and avoiding tight, damp clothing
- Wiping from front to back
- Using condoms, and avoiding sex until your infection has cleared
- Managing conditions such as diabetes
- Discussing diet and supplements with your doctor
Common questions
Is a vaginal infection an STI?
Yeast infections and BV are not classed as STIs, although sex can sometimes trigger them. Trichomoniasis is an STI.
Can I treat it myself?
Over-the-counter treatments exist for yeast infections, but it is best to be sure of the diagnosis first, especially if it is your first infection, you are pregnant, or the symptoms keep returning.
Is vaginal odour a sign of poor hygiene?
Not usually. Washing inside the vagina can actually upset its natural balance. Gentle washing of the outer area with water is enough.
Are vaginal infections dangerous?
Most are not, but untreated infections can be uncomfortable and may increase the risk of other problems, including during pregnancy.
Ready to get help?
Get the expert care you deserve. Call Minerva Women's Healthcare or request a consultation online. It takes about a minute, and no account is needed.
